The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) test is a non-invasive procedure used to assess blood flow in the legs and detect peripheral artery disease (PAD). It compares the blood pressure in the ankles to the blood pressure in the arms to identify circulation problems.
Procedure Breakdown:
- Preparation:
- No special preparation is required.
- Patients may be asked to rest for a few minutes before the test to ensure accurate readings.
- Cuff Placement:
- Blood pressure cuffs are placed around both arms and ankles.
- Blood Pressure Measurement:
- A Doppler ultrasound device is used to detect blood flow.
- The cuffs are inflated, and systolic blood pressure readings are taken from both arms and both ankles.
- ABI Calculation:
- The ankle systolic pressure is divided by the arm systolic pressure to determine the ABI ratio.
- A lower ABI value indicates reduced blood flow, suggesting PAD.
- Completion & Results:
- The test takes about 10–15 minutes.
- A vascular specialist analyzes the results and provides a report to the referring doctor.
The ABI test is a simple, painless, and effective tool for diagnosing peripheral artery disease and assessing overall vascular health.
